Comparison of Aluminum Alloys
Explore a detailed comparison of various aluminum alloys and their corresponding standards from international organizations such as ISO, UNS, ASTM, and others. This guide covers the most commonly used casting processes, including sand casting, high-pressure die casting (HPDC), low-pressure die casting (LPDC), and gravity die casting (GDC). Find in-depth information on the alloy compositions, their properties, and their applications in industries ranging from automotive to aerospace.
The most common casting processes for these alloys are Sand Casting and High Pressure Die Casting (HPDC), which depend on the alloy composition and application.
| ISO Standard (International) | GB Standard (China) | UNS ASTM (The US) | ANSI (The US) | JIS Standard (Japan) | EN Standard (Europe) | BS Standard (UK) | DIN Standard (Germany) | Casting Process | Alloy Description |
| AlSi7Mg | ZL101 | A03560 | 356 | AC4C | ENAC-42100 | LM25 | G-AlSi7Mg | Sand Casting | Silicon-aluminum alloy |
| AlSi7Mg0.3 | ZL101A | A13560 | 356 | AC4CH | ENAC-42100 | — | G-AlSi7Mg | Sand Casting | Silicon-aluminum alloy |
| AlSi12(a) | ZL102 | — | — | AC3A | ENAC-44200 | LM6 | G-AlSi12 | Sand Casting | Silicon-aluminum alloy |
| AlSi12(Fe) | YL102 | A14130 | A413 | ADC2 | ENAC-44300 | LM20 | — | HPDC | Silicon-iron alloy |
| AlSi10Mg | ZL104 | A03600 | — | AC4A | ENAC-43400 | LM9 | G-AlSi10Mg | Sand Casting | Magnesium-aluminum alloy |
| AlSi10Mg(Fe) | YL104 | A13600 | A360 | ADC3 | ENAC-43000 | — | — | HPDC | Magnesium-iron alloy |
| AlSi5Cu1Mg | ZL105 | A03550 | 355 | AC4D | ENAC-45300 | LM16 | G-AlSi5(Cu) | Sand Casting | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi5Cu1Mg | ZL105A | A33550 | C355.0 | — | ENAC-45300 | — | — | Sand Casting | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi5Cu3 | ZL106 | A03280 | 328 | — | ENAC-45400 | LM27 | — | Sand Casting | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi6Cu4 | ZL107 | A03190 | 319 | AC2B | ENAC-45000 | LM21 | G-AlSi6Cu4 | Sand Casting | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi12(Cu) | ZL108 | — | — | AD12 | — | LM2 | — | Sand Casting | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi12Cu1(Fe) | YL108 | — | — | — | — | LM2 | — | HPDC | Silicon-copper-iron alloy |
| — | ZL109 | A03360 | 336.0/339.0 | AC8A | ENAC-48000 | LM13 | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL110 | — | — | — | — | LM12 | G-AlSi(Cu) | Sand Casting | Copper alloy |
| — | ZL111 | A03280/A03540 | 328.0/354.0 | — | ENAC-46400 | — | G-AlSi8Cu3 | Sand Casting | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi8Cu3 | YL112 | A03800 | 380 | AC4B/ADC10 | ENAC-46200 | — | — | HPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| — | YL113 | — | — | ADC12 | ENAC-46100 | — | — | HPDC | Copper alloy |
| AlSiMg0.6 | ZL114A | A13570 | A357.0 | — | ENAC-42200 | — | — | Sand Casting | Magnesium-silicon alloy |
| — | ZL115 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL116 | — | 358 | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL117 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | YL117 | A23900 | B390.0 | AC9B/ADC14 | — | LM30 | — | HPDC | Magnesium-copper alloy |
| — | ZL201 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL201A | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL202 | — | — | — | LM12 | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| AlCu4Ti | ZL203 | ZL203 | 295 | — | ENAC-21100 | — | G-AlCu4Ti | Sand Casting | Copper-titanium alloy |
| — | ZL204A | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL205A | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL206 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL207 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | ZL208 | — | — | RR350 | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Copper alloy |
| — | ZL209 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| — | — | A02010 | 201 | — | — | — | — | Sand Casting | Unknown alloy |
| AlCu4MgTi | — | A02060 | 206 | AC1B | ENAC-21000 | — | G-AlCu4TiMg | Sand Casting | Copper-magnesium-titanium alloy |
Low Pressure Die Casting
The list of aluminum alloys suitable for Low Pressure Die Casting (LPDC) along with their corresponding standards and casting processes.
| ISO Standard (International) | GB Standard (China) | UNS ASTM (The US) | ANSI (The US) | JIS Standard (Japan) | EN Standard (Europe) | BS Standard (UK) | DIN Standard (Germany) | Casting Process | Alloy Description |
| AlSi9Cu3 | ZL107 | A03290 | 340 | — | ENAC-46000 | LM23 | G-AlSi9Cu3 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi12Cu1 | ZL108 | A03300 | 350 | — | ENAC-46500 | LM31 | G-AlSi12Cu1 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi7Mg0.5 | ZL105A | A03580 | 355 | AC4C | ENAC-42000 | LM17 | G-AlSi7Mg0.5 | LPDC | Silicon-magnesium alloy |
| AlSi10Mg | ZL104 | A03600 | — | AC4A | ENAC-43400 | LM9 | G-AlSi10Mg | LPDC | Silicon-magnesium alloy |
| AlSi9Cu4 | ZL110 | A03350 | 355 | — | ENAC-47500 | LM32 | G-AlSi9Cu4 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi5Cu3 | ZL106 | A03280 | 328 | — | ENAC-45400 | LM27 | G-AlSi5Cu3 | LPDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi7Mg2 | ZL109 | A03510 | 320 | — | ENAC-46000 | LM22 | G-AlSi7Mg2 | LPDC | Silicon-magnesium alloy |
| AlCu4MgTi | ZL203 | A02060 | 206 | AC1B | ENAC-21000 | — | G-AlCu4MgTi | LPDC | Copper-magnesium-titanium alloy |
Low Pressure Die Casting (LPDC): This process uses low-pressure to push molten metal into the mold, typically offering higher accuracy and better surface finish than traditional sand casting. It’s often used for complex shapes and thin-walled parts. Alloys like AlSi7Mg0.5 and AlSi10Mg are commonly cast using LPDC.
Aluminum Alloys in Gravity Die Casting
The list of aluminum alloys idea for Gravity Die Casting (GDC), along with their corresponding standards and casting processes.
| ISO Standard (International) | GB Standard (China) | UNS ASTM (The US) | ANSI (The US) | JIS Standard (Japan) | EN Standard (Europe) | BS Standard (UK) | DIN Standard (Germany) | Casting Process | Alloy Description |
| AlSi9Cu3 | ZL107 | A03290 | 340 | — | ENAC-46000 | LM23 | G-AlSi9Cu3 | GDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi12 | ZL102 | A03220 | 340 | AC3A | ENAC-44200 | LM6 | G-AlSi12 | GDC | Silicon alloy |
| AlSi7Mg | ZL101 | A03560 | 356 | AC4C | ENAC-42100 | LM25 | G-AlSi7Mg | GDC | Silicon-magnesium alloy |
| AlMg5 | ZL201 | A03510 | 510 | — | ENAC-29000 | LM24 | G-AlMg5 | GDC | Magnesium alloy |
| AlSi10Cu2 | ZL110 | A03340 | 320 | — | ENAC-47000 | LM31 | G-AlSi10Cu2 | GDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi8Cu2 | ZL106 | A03270 | 330 | AC2B | ENAC-45000 | LM21 | G-AlSi8Cu2 | GDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlSi7Cu1 | ZL105 | A03310 | 340 | — | ENAC-45500 | LM19 | G-AlSi7Cu1 | GDC | Silicon-copper alloy |
| AlCu4Ti | ZL203 | A02060 | 206 | AC1B | ENAC-21000 | — | G-AlCu4Ti | GDC | Copper-titanium alloy |
Gravity Die Casting (GDC): This process relies on gravity to fill the mold, typically used for medium to large-size parts with relatively simple geometries. It provides good dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and structural integrity. AlSi9Cu3, AlSi7Mg, and AlMg5 are typical alloys used for GDC due to their good flowability and casting characteristics.
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